Notes from the discovery benchMicroplate assays, readers & drug discovery
CXComparisons / Microplate readers

Microplate readers at a glance: 21 practical questions

A question-led overview of nine microplate readers, with the conditions behind each answer and links to the detailed comparison.

By Andrew StewartPublished by Discovery in PracticePublished 2026-10-13

Start with the capabilities that matter to your assay. The answers below retain the conditions that distinguish a standard feature from an option, a partial capability or an unconfirmed specification. Follow each question to the detailed finding.

Dichroic mirror that tracks the wavelength on the monochromator path

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Dichroic mirror that tracks the wavelength on the monochromator path
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusLVD, 340–740 nm
EnVision NexusNo monochromator
PHERAstar FSXMatched dichroic in each module
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5No dichroic on mono path
Synergy H1No dichroic on mono path
Synergy Neo2No dichroic on mono path
Tecan SparkOne fixed (510 nm) on standard
VANTAstarLVD, 340–740 nm
Varioskan LUXNo dichroic

Bandwidth the user can set

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Bandwidth the user can set
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar Plus8–100 nm
EnVision NexusSet by module
PHERAstar FSXSet by module
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Fixed 15 / 25 nm
Synergy H1M2 builds only; else fixed 16 nm
Synergy Neo23–50 nm
Tecan SparkEnhanced only; standard fixed 20 nm
VANTAstar8–100 nm
Varioskan LUXEmission fixed 12 nm

Gain chosen per well inside one read, kinetics included

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Gain chosen per well inside one read, kinetics included
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusEDR
EnVision NexusNo gain on the counter; no ceiling published
PHERAstar FSXEDR
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Endpoints only
Synergy H1User sets; saturates at 99,999
Synergy Neo2Auto-range adds minutes
Tecan SparkUser picks; extended = two passes
VANTAstarEDR
Varioskan LUXPer well; kinetics not published

Two emission colors read at the same instant (top)

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Two emission colors read at the same instant (top)
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusSequential
EnVision NexusFilter path only
PHERAstar FSXMatched PMT pairs
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Sequential
Synergy H1Sequential
Synergy Neo2Dual-top builds; unmatched tubes; special cube
Tecan SparkSequential
VANTAstarSequential
Varioskan LUXSequential

Two emission colors read at the same instant (bottom)

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Two emission colors read at the same instant (bottom)
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusSequential
EnVision NexusNot confirmed
PHERAstar FSXSame modules, top or bottom
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Sequential
Synergy H1Sequential
Synergy Neo2One bottom PMT
Tecan SparkSequential
VANTAstarSequential
Varioskan LUXSequential

Same optics read top and bottom, switched in software

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Same optics read top and bottom, switched in software
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusAutofocus both sides
EnVision NexusNot FP, sensitive lum or Alpha
PHERAstar FSXAll modes
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Bottom lum a factory option, 20–30× weaker
Synergy H1Filters top only
Synergy Neo2Separate bottom cubes
Tecan SparkFI yes; bottom lum unconfirmed
VANTAstarAutofocus both sides
Varioskan LUXNo focus; adapter sets height

Injection at the read position

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Injection at the read position
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusAt the read position
EnVision NexusNot published
PHERAstar FSX50 readings/s through injection
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Waits 500 ms after injection
Synergy H1Not published
Synergy Neo2Read starts up to 1 s after dispense
Tecan SparkInjects elsewhere; plate moves
VANTAstarInjects, then reads
Varioskan LUXOnly with head set to L by hand

Crosstalk mask between plate and detector

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Crosstalk mask between plate and detector
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusAperture spoon over the well
EnVision NexusHand-swapped; mismatch not enforced
PHERAstar FSXSpoon per plate format
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5None; “use every other well”
Synergy H1None
Synergy Neo2Inside the cube, after the lens
Tecan SparkSeparate line item
VANTAstarAutomatic to 384
Varioskan LUXShield after collection

Laser excitation for TRF

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Laser excitation for TRF
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusFlash lamp
EnVision NexusOption (343 nm DPSS)
PHERAstar FSXOption, 60 flashes/s
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Flash lamp
Synergy H1Flash lamp
Synergy Neo2Dual-top builds only (7 of 19)
Tecan SparkFlash lamp
VANTAstarFlash lamp
Varioskan LUXFlash lamp

Decay-curve tool for setting the TRF window

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Decay-curve tool for setting the TRF window
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusNo (BMG: an FSX feature)
EnVision NexusFixed default curve only
PHERAstar FSXDecay Curve Monitoring
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Not offered
Synergy H1Not published
Synergy Neo2No
Tecan SparkNot offered
VANTAstarNo (BMG: an FSX feature)
Varioskan LUXNot offered

HTRF in black plates

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HTRF in black plates
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusCertified black and white
EnVision Nexus“Only… in WHITE plates”
PHERAstar FSXCertified black and white
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Not confirmed
Synergy H1Filter mode, white plates only
Synergy Neo2White only
Tecan SparkNot on the monochromator path
VANTAstarFigures for black and white
Varioskan LUXCertified; plate color not stated

AlphaScreen / AlphaLISA

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AlphaScreen / AlphaLISA
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar Plus680 nm laser module
EnVision NexusEnhanced or HT mode, never both
PHERAstar FSX680 nm laser
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Not offered
Synergy H1Not offered
Synergy Neo2768 cube moves per 384 plate
Tecan SparkCorrected for heat in software
VANTAstarNot offered
Varioskan LUXLED, no laser, no cooling

Fluorescence polarization

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Fluorescence polarization
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar Plus<0.5 mP; UV option
EnVision NexusTop only
PHERAstar FSXBoth planes at once
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5iD5 only; mono needs 10× dye
Synergy H1Filters, top only
Synergy Neo2Dual cube special order
Tecan SparkTop only; not on Cyto 300/400
VANTAstarTop and bottom
Varioskan LUXNever

1536-well plates

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1536-well plates
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusTo 1536
EnVision Nexus1–1536
PHERAstar FSXTo 3456
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Stops at 384
Synergy H1Stops at 384
Synergy Neo2Injectors to 384 only
Tecan SparkEnhanced modules only
VANTAstarStops at 384
Varioskan LUXOwn adapter; no lid, no dispensing

Full absorbance spectrum in about a second per well

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Full absorbance spectrum in about a second per well
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar Plus<1 s
EnVision NexusFilters only, no spectrum
PHERAstar FSX<1 s (spectrometer option)
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Not published
Synergy H1“An hour or more” per plate
Synergy Neo2~60 s per well
Tecan Spark≤5 s
VANTAstar<1 s
Varioskan LUX~18 s (calculated)

Chamber held at or below room temperature

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Chamber held at or below room temperature
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusAmbient +3
EnVision NexusAmbient +5
PHERAstar FSXAAS option, 18–45 °C
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Ambient +5
Synergy H1Ambient +4
Synergy Neo2Ambient +4
Tecan SparkTe-Cool at incubation position only
VANTAstarAmbient +4
Varioskan LUXAmbient +4

CO₂ / O₂ control inside the reader

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CO₂ / O₂ control inside the reader
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusACU, 0.1–20%
EnVision NexusNot offered
PHERAstar FSXNot offered
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5User-installed mixer
Synergy H1G builds, separate unit
Synergy Neo2External add-on
Tecan SparkAt incubation position
VANTAstarACU, 1–20%
Varioskan LUXOption module

Humidity control

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Humidity control
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusNo
EnVision NexusNo; lids barred in sensitive modes
PHERAstar FSXNo
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5No; injected reads unlidded
Synergy H1No
Synergy Neo2No
Tecan SparkCassette + Lid Lifter
VANTAstarNo
Varioskan LUXNo

No plate adapters or hand-set read height

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No plate adapters or hand-set read height
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusAutofocus
EnVision NexusHand-swapped apertures fix the height
PHERAstar FSXPlate defined in software
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Re-tune per plate lot
Synergy H1Auto Z-focus
Synergy Neo2Fixed bottom focus
Tecan SparkAuto Z-focus
VANTAstarAutofocus
Varioskan LUXAdapter per plate and lid

Software on any number of PCs, no fee

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Software on any number of PCs, no fee
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusUnlimited
EnVision NexusOne bound PC
PHERAstar FSXUnlimited
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5Per seat; Import license extra
Synergy H15 installs
Synergy Neo25 installs + USB dongle
Tecan Spark2 installs
VANTAstarUnlimited
Varioskan LUXUnlimited

21 CFR Part 11 without a per-seat fee

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21 CFR Part 11 without a per-seat fee
ReaderAnswer and condition
CLARIOstar PlusNo per-seat fee
EnVision NexusOption
PHERAstar FSXIncluded, no fee
SpectraMax iD3 / iD5GxP edition
Synergy H1Option
Synergy Neo2Option
Tecan SparkPaid option
VANTAstarNo per-seat fee
Varioskan LUXSeparate edition

Sources

The document library accompanying the detailed matrix lists the documents, editions, links and availability notes for these comparisons.

Article formats

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